The 33 million extra men pose serious social risks, but some just see a matchmaking bonanza.
Their economy is depressed but beautiful women are running rampant,ā the state-run Beijing News reported Jan. 22 in a story suggesting that Ukrainian women could be the solution to Chinaās woman shortage.
The piece, illustrated with charts, bubbles,Ā and cartoon illustrations of lonely Chinese men, was a breezyĀ attempt to make light of Chinaās missing women and the severe gender imbalance caused by couples aborting female fetuses in favor of boys.
So widespread is the practice that it has badly skewed the countryās sex ratio: The global average is around 105 boys born for every 100 girls; but in China last year, just over 115 boys wereborn for every 100 girls.
The problem has been brewing since sonogram technology was introduced to China in the 1980s, allowing families to determine a babyāsĀ gender during the first few months of pregnancy.
Combined with the countryās restrictive family planning policies ā until recently, most urban families were only allowed a single child in order to curtail population growth ā and a traditional preference for sons, the newfound ability to practice sex-selective abortion has resulted in one of the worldās highest gender imbalances.
The topic flared anew in the public mind after the National Bureau of Statistics announced the latest population figures on Jan. 20, noting that at the end of 2014 China had 700 million men and 667 women, a shortfall of more than 33 million women.
The bureau didnāt provide a breakdown, but previous research shows that most of Chinaās missing women are among those born since 1985.
To address the problem, China has resorted to propaganda campaigns extolling the virtues of daughters and offering cash incentives for couples that have them.
These measures have spurred more female births, but not enough ā Chinaās gender imbalance is still āthe most serious in the world, and has lasted for the longest time and affected the largest number of people,ā Chinaās National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC)Ā said in a Jan. 21 statement.
Rather than dwelling on the fact thatĀ sex-selective abortions continue despite a government ban,
Chinese media interpreted the sex ratio as a threat to men, not women.
Chinese media interpreted the sex ratio as a threat to men, not women. OnĀ Jan. 21, web giant Sinaās arm in Henan, Chinaās most populous province, wondered aloud on social media platform Weibo whether the news was āheart-stoppingā andĀ exhorted bachelors to āstart making an effort!ā
Meanwhile, a Beijing statistician sharing the latest figures to his Weibo account wrote, āTomorrow I am going to get my son to hurry up and find a girlfriend at his elementary school.āĀ The Beijing News even suggested that Ukrainian women could be a solution to Chinaās problem.
The story kicked off with a question: āJust how hard is it for a diaosi,ā slang for young bachelors of modest means, āto find a wife?ā After explaining the severe imbalance that the ratio represents, it added that Chinese brides are a popular āexportā to many countries such as Japan, South Korea, and the United States, aĀ trend it said hadĀ depleted Chinaās supply of eligible women stillĀ further. It offered a chart of the best destinations around the globe for Chinese men to find spouses.
Japan and South Korea were particularly promising, the paper said, claiming that 26 percent of South Korean women who took foreign spouses in 2012 chose Chinese men. The trend was bound to grow, the argument went, since popular Korean television actress Park Chae Rim married her Chinese actor beau, Gao Ziqi, in Sept. 2014.
Light-hearted joking filled the comments section, with mostĀ ignoring theĀ underlying factorsĀ leading to bachelor over-supply. Some netizensviewedĀ the gender imbalance asĀ a boon for the gay community, others asĀ a useful pressure valve forĀ who werenāt interested in marriage anyway. There were, in other words,Ā plenty of fish in the sea, at least outside of China.
Therese Hesketh, a professor of global health at the University College London, told Foreign Policy via email from eastern Chinaās Zhejiang provinceĀ that many ordinary Chinese feel that āaborting a girl is simply a choice made by a couple ā and they are entitled to this.ā
Hesketh said that when she lectures in China, many audience members āseem to just accept selective abortions,ā and she has students who admit they would abort female fetuses in favor of a boy. She added that many of studentsĀ attribute this stance to parentalĀ pressure.
China is not alone in these cultural predilections.Ā Indian social scientist Ravinder KuarĀ wroteĀ in an August 2013 paperĀ that āthe common responseā in both China and India āwhen the connection between sex selection and bride shortage is pointed out is that rather than allow daughters to be born, they would resort to importing brides.ā
Kuar alsoĀ wroteĀ that bride shortages in China and India can lead to ākidnap marriagesā that include ādeception and enticementā and āluring women for marriage into high sex ratio areas.ā
For its part, the Chinese government is still campaigning against sex selective abortions. Following the release of the latest statistics, the NHFPCĀ revealed details of its latest initiative to curb sex-selective abortion: harsher penalties for agencies and individuals who send blood samples from expectant mothers abroad for testing to determine the gender of the womanās fetus.
Clinics and hospitals in China can perform sonograms on expectant mothers, but are barred from revealing the gender of the baby, a restriction that has given rise to black market sonogram testing (including providers who perform the examĀ in the back seat of a womanāsĀ car).
Chinese agencies that offer to come to a womanās home willĀ draw blood, pack it in dry ice, thenĀ mail or carry the sample across the border to Hong Kong or elsewhere for testing at hospitals.
The commission has promised severe punishments for anyone caught in the act. But thatĀ hardly seems like enough to solve the underlying problem, any more than Ukrainian brides.